Objectives:

Students understand the concept of adding endings (-s, -es) to nouns to make them plural.
Students understand the rules for when to add -s or -es.
Guide students in using base words and plural endings to build sentences confidently.

Materials:

Whiteboard
Visual aids (images of nouns, or physical objects representing nouns)

Introduction (5 minutes):

Review what a noun is. Introduce the idea of plural nouns to talk about more than one person, place, or thing. Explain that there are two types of plural word endings: -s and -es. In order to now which ending to add, we must know the rules.

Theocratic Connections:

N/A

Activity 1 – When to add -s  (7 minutes):

Explain and demonstrate that the -s word ending makes the “ss” sound, like in the word “toys”.
Explain that the rule for the -s word ending is that if a noun ends with a vowel and the letter ‘y,’ we add an ‘s’ after the y. We can see this in the word “boys”, which ends with the letter y.

Activity 2 – When to add -es  (7 minutes):

Explain and demonstrate that the -es word ending makes the “ez” sound, like in the word “boxes”.
Explain that the rule for the -es word ending is that if a noun ends with ‘x’ or ‘ch,’ we add -es at the end.
We can see this in the word “foxes”, which ends with the letter x.

Activity 3 – Practice  (9 minutes):

Challenge students to figure out if -s or -es should be added to a noun to make it plural. Make it an interactive game using visuals. (e.g. show one dog, then show three dogs and ask students to identify if it should be written “dogs” or “doges”.) Alternatively, encourage students to complete sentences choosing the correct plural noun. Reinforce learning in an activity by havings student write the -s and -es word endings using pencil and paper.

Conclusion (2 minutes):

Summarize key points: Adding endings (-s, -es) to make a noun plural, decide which to add based on the rules for adding -s and -es.

Assessment: